XPS is a document file conforming to XML Paper Specification standard. XPS file can contain information describing text and graphics content for single- or multi-page documents. XPS file holds information about the page layout, appearance, and printing details.

Similarities and differences with PDF format

XPS format was developed by Microsoft as the successor to EMF (Enhanced Metafile) format. XPS page description language shares many similarites with PDF format, but is based on XML architecture, not on PostScript language. Just as PDF, XPS defines page elements independently of operating system, printer, or web browser, and therefore the layout is always the same.

XPS as a subset of XAML

Platform-independent document consistency is guaranteed by XAML, as XPS is a subset of this language, fitted for defined page layout to eliminate the so-called ‘floating text’ effect when document is viewed on various devices and platforms. XAML supports vector graphics.

Improved quality compared with older technologies

Older Windows systems used GDI technology, which when compared to XPS offered worse image quality and slower complex object rendering. XPS supports Windows Color System, a color management technology that facilitates color conversion between devices and raster image processor (RIP) components.